11/14/2023 What does it mean to physiologically ineffective in terms of dead space and shunted bloodRead Now![]() ![]() To maintain homeostasis, the amount of oxygen within the tissues should respond to a gradient of pressure that pushes oxygen by diffusion throughout the membranes into the tissues. During aerobic respiration the presence of oxygen in addition to pyruvate, produces adenosine triphosphate (ATP), thus yielding energy to the entire organism. The human body is a highly aerobic organism that consumes oxygen according to its metabolic demand. This review also included the most relevant measuring methods of PO 2 as well as a practical overview of its reference values in several tissues. Our objective is to offer to the reader a summarized and practical appraisal of the mechanisms related to the oxygen’s supply within the human body, including a facilitated description of the gradient of pressure from the atmosphere to the cells. Several factors such as anaesthesia, hypoxia, and stress affect the regulation of the atmospheric, alveolar, arterial, capillary and tissue partial pressure of oxygen (PO 2). Understanding the role of the main factors affecting oxygen availability, such as the gradient of pressure of oxygen during normal conditions, and during hypoxia is an important point. Along metazoan evolution, an exquisite control developed because although oxygen is required as the final acceptor of electron respiratory chain, an excessive level could be potentially harmful. The human body is a highly aerobic organism, in which it is necessary to match oxygen supply at tissue levels to the metabolic demands. ![]()
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